Ngokunyuka kokungena kokuveliswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo, ukuphuhliswa kokugcinwa kwamandla exesha elide kuye kwaba ngumkhwa, kwaye iindlela zobugcisa zokugcinwa kwamandla exesha elide zibandakanya ukugcinwa kwepompo, ukugcinwa kwetyuwa etyhidiweyo, ukugcinwa kwamanzi ngoku. , ukugcinwa komoya ocinezelweyo, kunye nokugcinwa kwe-hydrogen kwiindidi ezintlanu. Ngeli nqanaba, isicelo sokugcinwa kwepompe yeyona nto ivuthiweyo, kodwa izibonelelo zogcino lwamandla omoya ocinezelweyo likhulu, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, ixabiso eliphantsi, ukukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nokucoceka, kwaye kunokususa izithintelo zejografi, kulindeleke ukuba ibe yongezelela. kwindawo yokugcina impompo.
Ugcino lwamandla omoya ocinezelweyo lolokugcinwa kwamandla exesha elide, lunokuphunyezwa ixesha elide ngaphezu kweeyure ezi-4 okanye iintsuku, iinyanga zokutshaja kunye nokukhupha umjikelo wenkqubo yokugcina amandla, ekulawuleni ukuguquguquka kwesizukulwana samandla esitsha kwindima iingenelo ezibalaseleyo.
Ngokutsho kweziko lenzululwazi yaseTshayina yeziko lobunjineli be-thermophysics yogcino lwamandla kunye nomphathi weziko lophuhliso uXuYuJie intshayelelo, kwixesha elizayo, inkqubo yamandla yelizwe lethu luhlobo olutsha lwamandla njengenkqubo yamandla ephambili, kunye namandla omoya, ukuveliswa kwamandla ephotovoltaic kunye okunye ukuveliswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nokuguquguquka kunye nokuphazamiseka, ukuba ufikelelo olukhulu kwigridi yamandla, kuya kubangela imingcipheko yokhuseleko. Ngeli xesha, imfuneko yenkqubo yokugcina amandla njengezixhobo eziguquguqukayo zokulawula ukulawula inkqubo yamandla. Ugcino lwamandla omoya ocinezelweyo luphawu.
"Itekhnoloji yogcino lwamandla omoya acinezelekileyo ayiyonto intsha, itekhnoloji yogcino lwamandla omoya enyanzelweyo isetyenzisiwe eJamani, eUnited States iminyaka emininzi, kodwa itekhnoloji yogcino lwamandla omoya ixhomekeke kumafutha efosili, imfuno yemiqolomba emikhulu yendalo. ukusebenza kakuhle kogcino lwamandla kuphantsi kwaye eminye imiba, ukukhuthazwa komgangatho omkhulu kuhlala kulinganiselwe. " U-Xu Yujie uthe inkqubo yogcino lwamandla omoya oluphezulu lwaseTshayina iphinda isebenzise ubushushu obucinezelweyo, ayisasebenzisi mafutha efosili, kwaye ingasetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezifana nezixhobo zokugcina ezingaphezulu komhlaba, amagumbi okwenziwa kunye nemiqolomba yendalo engaphantsi komhlaba ukuze kwakhiwe amagumbi okugcina. Ukongeza, inkqubo iphucula kakhulu ukugcinwa kwamandla okusebenza.
Ngoku, kusetyenziswa i-100 MW ehambele phambili yogcino lwamandla omoya ocinezelweyo, i-China iye yakha isikhululo samandla somboniso wogcino lwamandla omoya ocinezelweyo wokuqala wamazwe ngamazwe we-100 MW, kwaye yaqhagamshelwa ngempumelelo kwigridi ukuvelisa umbane. Isikhululo samandla siseZhangbei County, kwiPhondo le-Hebei, ihlabathi liye lakhiwa kwaye lasebenza kwiprojekthi, eyona nto inkulu kunye neyona nto ingcono kakhulu yokusebenza kweplanti entsha yokugcina amandla omoya. Inokuvelisa ukuya kutsho kwi-132 lezigidi ze-kWh zombane ngonyaka, ibonelela ngokhuseleko lwamandla oluphezulu kubasebenzisi abamalunga nama-50,000. Kwangaxeshanye, inokonga iitoni ezingama-42,000 zamalahle asemgangathweni kwaye inciphise iitoni ezingama-109,000 zokukhutshwa kwekharbon diokside ngonyaka.
Zeziphi iingenelo zogcino lwamandla erhasi ecinezelweyo ngaphezu kolunye uhlobo olutsha lokugcina amandla? Ngokubanzi, inokushwankathelwa njengokhuseleko, ubomi obude kunye namandla anamandla okudubula. Okokuqala, ugcino lwamandla egesi acinezelweyo lukhuseleke kakhulu. Thatha iprojekthi yokugcina amandla e-carbon dioxide njengomzekelo, kuba i-carbon dioxide liquefaction ilula kakhulu, ngoko ke ukugcinwa kwayo kufuna kuphela i-megapascals ezimbalwa zoxinzelelo, musa ukuba nexhala malunga nokugcinwa koxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegesi oluziswa yingozi efihliweyo. , ngelo xesha i-carbon dioxide ayinayo ityhefu, ayinakutsha kwaye iqhuma, ukhuseleko lwalo luhle kakhulu. Ukongezelela, ngenxa yokuba zonke izixhobo zoomatshini, ubomi beenkqubo zokugcina amandla omoya ocinezelweyo zinokufikelela kwiminyaka engama-30-50 phantsi kokugcinwa okuqhelekileyo. "Ukugcinwa kwamandla omoya ocinezelweyo yinkqubo yomzimba esekelwe kwibhayisikile eshushu, eneenzuzo zendalo ngokubhekiselele kukhuseleko kunye nokuthotywa kokusebenza, kwaye ithathwa njengenye yezona zinto zithembisayo zokugcina amandla okugcina amandla." Ngokusekwe kwezi zibonelelo, u-Chen Haisheng, umphandi kwiZiko lobuNjineli beThermophysics yeZiko laseTshayina lezeSayensi, uthe ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yogcino lwamandla omoya ocinezelweyo kubaluleke kakhulu ngokwesicwangciso kunye nemfuno enkulu yentengiso yokufezekiswa kobumbini belizwe. -iinjongo zeqhinga lekhabhoni kunye nokuphuculwa kokusingqongileyo kwendalo.
Kufanelekile ukukhankanya ukuba ukuqhuma kwamandla okugcinwa kwamandla omoya ocinezelweyo kunamandla. Oku kunokusebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwezinye izicelo ezizodwa. Kwimeko yeenjini zedizili ezisetyenziswa kwiinqanawa ezinkulu, umzekelo, umoya ocinezelweyo uqhele ukugcinwa kwitanki yoxinzelelo kwaye usebenze ngokuthe ngqo kwipiston ngevalve ekhethekileyo yokuqalisa ukuguqula i-crankshaft ngaphambi kokuba iqalise inaliti yamafutha. Olu lungiselelo luxinene kwaye luxabiso eliphantsi kunenjini yokuqalisa umbane yobukhulu obufanayo, kwaye linokubonelela ngokugqabhuka kwamandla aphezulu kakhulu ayimfuneko ngaphandle kokubeka imithwalo egqithisileyo kwijenereyitha yenqanawa kunye nenkqubo yokuhambisa.
Kwiinkqubo zogcino lwamandla omoya ocinezelweyo, iTshayina yomeleza ngakumbi imiboniso emikhulu kunye nezicelo, iqokelela amava kuyilo lobunjineli kunye nolwakhiwo, kunye nokuphuhlisa ikhonkco lemizi-mveliso elipheleleyo neliqolileyo ukukhawulezisa ukwakhiwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-14-2023
